Patients’ Choice, Consent, and Ethics in Patient Blood Management

Patients’ Choice, Consent, and Ethics in Patient Blood Management
James P. Isbister, Bronwyn L. Pearse, Alana S. Delaforce, Shannon L. Farmer
Anesthesia & Analgesia, September 2022; 135(3) pp 489-500
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Abstract
…Patients must be informed of their diagnosis, the nature, severity and prognosis of the disease, and treatment options along with risks and benefits. They should be involved in decision-making regarding their management. However, as part of this process, there are multifaceted medical, legal, ethical, and economic issues, encompassing shared decision-making, patient choice, and informed consent. Furthermore, variability in patient circumstances and preferences, the complexity of medical science, and the workings of health care systems in which consent takes place can be bewildering, not only for the patient but also for clinicians obtaining consent…